DOI: https://doi.org/10.5513/JCEA01/24.3.3851
Original scientific paper
Changes in the hardness and moisture capacities of a typical black soil in the agrocenose of winter wheat and sunflower
2023, 24 (3) p. 713-721
Мihaylo Voytovyk, Іvan PRYMAK, Оleksiy TSYUK, Yurii SLEPTSOV, Оleksandr PANCHENKO
Abstract
The investigations were done on the experimental field of the Bila Tserkva National Agrarian University with a typical deep low-humus chernozem. The aim of our research was to evaluate the influence of the main tillage and fertilization systems on the density, reserves of productive moisture and productivity of the agrocenosis of winter wheat and sunflower of the short crop rotation. With the use of soil tillage systems, the indicators of the treated layer of typical chernozem consistence did not exceed the optimal values. A small decrease in soil consistence was observed under differentiated and unplowed tillage compared to the variant of shallow loosening. At the beginning of the growing season of winter wheat in the soil’s arable layer of 0–30 cm, the least amount of moisture was accumulated in the variants without fertilizers and the organic system of fertilization, the increase in the supply of available moisture under mineral and organic-mineral was 0.8-2.9% compared to organic. The plowing with unplowing and shallow unplowing tillage variants significantly exceeded the reserves of available moisture compared to the control by 1.2-5.5% during the wheat harvesting period. The highest yield of winter wheat and sunflower was reached under the mineral and organic-mineral fertilization system. Lower values were obtained under the organic system. The use of shallow tillage, which was carried out with disc tools to a depth of 10-12 cm, led to a significant decrease in the yield of crops compared to the control variant.
Keywords
soil processing, fertilizes system, harvesting, short-rotation crop rotation
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