DOI: https://doi.org/10.5513/JCEA01/25.4.4464
Original scientific paper
Assessment of the Biological Efficacy of Chemical Defense to Prevent Quality and Yield Loss Due to Fusarium
2024, 25 (4) p. 1054-1064
István Kecskés, Csaba Bojtor, Árpád Illés, Levente Horváth, László Hadászi, István Sojnóczki, János Nagy, András Csótó, Tibor Bartók
Abstract
Fusarium head blight poses the most significant threat to the yield and quality of autumn cereals. Currently, there are no known completely resistant varieties, but distinctions can be made regarding resistance among different cultivars and hybrids. The chemical agents approved in Hungary can offer adequate protection against Fusarium head blight; however, the precise positioning of these pesticides is crucial for achieving optimal effectiveness. In both livestock feed production and human food processing, it is essential to produce toxin-free raw material. To achieve this, it is imperative to time pesticide applications considering weather conditions. This study assessed the influence of weather conditions on the proliferation of an artificially introduced Fusarium strain and its DON toxin production. Additionally, the impact of microclimatic factors on the development of natural infections was examined. Furthermore, the extent to which the chemical pesticides used in the study can reduce DON toxin levels was measured, based on whether they were applied before or after the introduction of Fusarium inoculum. According to the main observations, the toxin content is significantly higher at the later time of inoculation. In general, azole and strobilurin-type fungicides achieved excellent efficiency.
Keywords
artificial inoculation, deoxynivalenol mycotoxin (DON), fungicide efficacy, Fusarium graminearum, winter wheat
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