DOI: https://doi.org/10.5513/JCEA01/27.2.4949
Original scientific paper
Soybean maturity genes effect on growth parameters and non-structural carbohydrate accumulation under different photoperiods
2026, 27 (2) p. 476-490
Dmytro HlUSHACH, Yuliia YUKHNO, Olha AVKSENTIEVA
Abstract
The study evaluates the role of photoperiod sensitivity genes (E-genes) in forming growth traits and the accumulation of soluble carbohydrates in soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) leaves under different day lengths. Four genotypes, including the cv. Clark and three nearly isogenic lines (NILs) differing in the alleles at the E1, E2, and E3 loci were cultivated under long-day (16 hours) and short-day (9 hours) conditions. Growth parameters such as relative growth rate (RGR) and net assimilation rate (NAR), along with the content of soluble carbohydrates in the leaves (monosaccharides and oligosaccharides), were determined at developmental stages V3 to V5. Short-day plants (Clark and L80-5879) demonstrated higher RGR and NAR values under long-day conditions, which was caused by increased photosynthetic activity, especially in cv. Clark (has recessive e1 allele alongside dominant E2 and E3 alleles). In contrast, short-day conditions decreased RGR and NAR, redirecting resources towards reproductive development. Neutral-day plants (L63-3117 and L71-920) demonstrated higher stability in growth and carbohydrate content across both photoperiods. Monosaccharide content increased in neutral-day lines under both photoperiods during the V3–V5 developmental period, while oligosaccharide levels decreased, indicating more stable carbohydrate mobilization compared to short-day lines. These results highlight different adaptive strategies: short-day lines show enhanced vegetative growth under long photoperiods, whereas neutral-day lines maintain metabolic stability regardless of day length. Understanding these features will help to optimise soybean cultivation more effectively in different climatic conditions.
Keywords
Glycine max (L.) Merr., near isogenic lines, E-genes, photoperiodic sensitivity, soluble carbohydrate, growth analysis
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