DOI: https://doi.org/10.5513/JCEA01/27.3.4999
Original scientific paper
Evaluation of the efficacy of steam-extracted garlic oil on cowpea beetle [Callosobruchus maculatus (F.)] Coleoptera under semi-storage conditions
2026, 27 (3) p. 682-692
Adil Haroon, Mubarak Eisa, Michaela Strmisková, Barta Marek, Adamčíková Katarína
Abstract
The cowpea beetle, Callosobruchus maculatus (F.), is a major insect pest of stored products, causing significant damage and economic losses. A study was carried out to evaluate the fumigant efficacy of the steam extract of Sudanese garlic (Allium sativum L.) oil against C. maculatus (F.) under semi-storage conditions. The garlic oils were tested at concentrations of 0.001, 0.005, 0.01, 0.05, 0.1, and 1% at a one-week exposure period using fumigant bioassays. Phosphine (PH3) was used as a standard, and control treatment sets were included. Results indicated that the garlic oils were effective and caused significantly (P ≤ 0.05) superior mortality (insect recoveries were observed for 4 days) among the tested insects compared to the control and the standard phosphine. Statistical analysis revealed that C. maculatus (F.) was highly sensitive to garlic oil vapors and resulted in 100% mortality within one week. The results indicate that the respective Lethal–concentrations (mg/l), LC10, LC50, and LC90 in the plastic cups were: 4.35 × 10-4, 6.53×10-4, and 1.01×10-4 mg/l, while in the jute sac, they were: 3.06 × 10-4, 6.95 × 10-4, and 1.38 × 10-4 mg/l, (after a week of exposure), respectively. Overall, the fumigant activity of A. sativum (L.) EO may offer an environmentally friendly strategy to manage stored-product pests under laboratory and storage conditions.
Keywords
garlic oil, fumigant activity, Callosobruchus maculatus (F.), semi-storage
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